What is cancer? Cancer is disorder of genome . when certain genes mutate. They make cell divide swiftly and invade our immune system. Gain nourishment to invade and thrive different tissues. What is tumor? An abnormal tissue mass that has no physical function. T here are two types of tumor benign and malignant. Benign tumor-also called as noncancerous tumor. As they effect only the site of origins. Malignant tumor- Invade different neighbouring tissues . Enter blood vessels and metastacesize to different sites. Prevalence of cancer in India- New cancer cases per year: 7-8 lack. Cancer deaths per year: 4-5 lack. Cancer prevalence: 22-24 lack.
Cancer Incidence: Among males: 46-122 per 100,000 populations Among females: 57-135 per 100,000 populations Expectations by 2025: New cancer cases per year : 12-15 lack. Cancer prevalence : 25-30 lack Prevalence of cancer in Punjab Cancer survey was conducted by department of health and family welfare Punjab in 2009 in 20 districts. 7738 cases of cancer were identified. most prevalent cancer area in Punjab are Bhatinda , Ludhiana and Mukatsar. CAUSES OF CANCER- •Food additives •Medicine •Pollution •Alcohol •Sun radiations •Occupation •Gender •Gender •Infection •Diet •Tobacco •Genetics •Hereditary Seven danger signs of cancer.
•Sore throat that doesn’t heal. •Unusual bleeding and discharge from gums. •Difficulty in swallowing. •Change in size and texture of mole. •Change in bowel and bladder habits. •Thickening of any part of body. •A nagging cough or harness. Symptoms of cancer- •Abnormalities in metabolism. •Anorexia •Wasting •Fluid and electrolyte imbalance •Taste and appetite change •Learned food aversions •Hypercalcaemia •Oesteomalacia Diagnosis of cancer •Doctors do physical examination of patient. •Check medical history of patient. •Imaging of patient with the use of x-ray, ct scans •Endoscopy •Laboratory test such as blood test and urine test for tumor markers.
•Biopsy by taking cells from particular tissue and examining in microscope. •Staging of cancer on the bases of different test results. Dietary tips for cancer patients. •Use whole pulses and cereals as source of protein. eg oats, whole wheat flour. •Fruits and vegetables in plenty. Such as apple, pear, banana, pomogeranate. •Wash fruits and vegetables properly. •Fungal and contaminated food must be avoided. •Alcohol and hot beverages in moderation. •Supplementation is not advised in pharmacological doses. •Limit consumption of processed and preserved food. •A variety of food to be used routinely.
•Fried, burnt, salted, smoked, pickled food must be limited. •Fat intake must be between 25-30% of total calorie intake. •Red meat must be avoided. •Drink filtered water •Avoid highly spicy food especially red pepper. •Cancer patients must drink 8- 10 glasses of water to remain rehydrated. •Green tea must be included in diet of cancer patients. Black tea and coffee must be avoided because of their stimulating effect on cancer cell growth. •Alcoholic must be avoided by cancer patient’s . especially liver cancer. •Protein from plant source must be included in diet such as soybean. •Different oilseeds such as flaxseed can be used.
By adding them to muffins. As they have cancer suppressing effect. All this information is based on researches carried on relation of diet with cancer. Lifestyle changes to prevent cancer. •To maintain appropriate BMI. Not to gain weight and abdominal circumference during childhood. •To be physically active. •To promote breast feeding in lactating mother up to six months and continue it with complementary feeding after six months. •Reduce fat intake particularly from animal sources. •Eating plenty of whole fruits and veges. •Do regular physical activity. •Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption. •Reduce tension and stress.