The cervix is between the vagina and the cervical plug. The vagina is known as the birth canal. Right on top of the cervix is the cervical plug, which has thick mucus that blocks the cervix to prevent infection. The cervix is in the lower part of the uterus that extends into the vagina. It stays tightly closed until birth is near. The uterus also called the womb, because it protects and nourishes the developing baby before birth (Winton 2013) EQUIPMENT: Some equipment that will be used during surgery will be various types of Padded stirrup and a special bed, laser, goggle.
SUPPLIES: Also some other supplies that will be used during surgery are antiembolitic hose, if requested, straight catheter to drain the bladder, small basin, water soluble lubricant, Telfa used for specimen, T- binder or sanitary napkin belt. (Goldman 2008) POSITION: During the procedure the patient will be ling in the Lithotomy position, which is flat on their backs, and there legs will be please in stirrups and draped. INSTRUMENT SET:
The instruments set used for the D&C procedure is the D&C tray. The D&C tray has #3 and #4 knife handle, 8in.dressing forceps, Russian tissue forceps, Towel clamps, sponge forceps, Bozeman dressing forceps, Heaney needle holder, graves vaginal speculum, Auvard weighted speculum, Jackson vaginal retractor, Hegar uterine dilator set, Sims uterine sound, Tenaculum forceps, Sims uterine curette set (Frey 2008). BACK TABLE: During the D&C procedure there will not be a mayo stand there will only be a back table large enough for all the instrument also during the procedure the surgeon will be using a suction device an electrosurgical unit (ESU), kick buckets, and sitting stool if required.
(Frey 2008) MEDICATION: Carbopost (Hemabate) is a drug used to cause abortion by making contraction. Oxytocin (Pitocin, syntocinon) is used to in duce or continues labor. Another drug that is used to control hemorrhage by causing uterine muscles contraction is Ergonovine/methylergonovine (ergotrate, Methergine). COMPLICATIONS: Some complications that can occur during the surgery are tears of the internal os, laceration of the cervix, damage to other pelvic organs, perforation of uterus.
EXAMPLES OF THE PROCEDURE: First you will check the patient chart to make sure you have the right patient, and then check for any sensitivities and allergies or allergies to iodine. Then the patient is brought to the operating room and put under general anesthesia by the anesthesiologist. Then the first preparation can start buy placing the patient correctly in the stirrups and make sure that the bed and the stirrups are correctly padded in the correct spots.
Then the doctor will come in and get gowned and ready to start procedure. REFERENCE Goldman, M. A. (2008). Pocket guide to the operating room. (Third ed. ). Philadelphia, PA : FA Davis Co. Frey, K. B. , Technologists, A. O. S. , Ross, T. , Bidwell, J. L. , Cook, J. , Grafft, D. , & et al, D. (2008). Surgical technology for the surgical technologist, a positive care approach. (3rd ed. ). Delmar pub. Malignant Hyperthermia The meaning of hyperthermia is high body temperature and malignant which means bad.
Malignant hyperthermia is a genetic condition; if when a patient is given a certain type of anesthetic their body reacts in a certain way. The problem with malignant hyperthermia is that you cannot tell if a patient has malignant hyperthermia. Some of the best drugs that are out in the market, which we used most commonly and are the best for most patients, are the ones that can trigger a MH reaction. Some symptoms that the patient can have during an attack are elevation of body temperature, patient muscle contrition, and patient’s starts to sweat.
Once the symptoms begins it can progress very rapidly over a course of 15, to 30 minutes and the patient can go from a normal body temperature to a body temperature that causes irreversible damage. Anesthesiologist referred this condition known as malignant hyperthermia as their worst nightmare because the patient is in critical condition and it must be turned around with in 15 minutes or the patient can die. There are two ways in indicating if you have MH by muscle biopsy test or genetic testing. The only drug known for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia is Dantrolene, which is a muscle relaxant.