Major Drug Actions for this classification: Interferes with conversion of intermediate DNA fragments into high-molecular weight DNA in bacteria; DNA gyrase inhibitor Uses for drugs in this classification: Adult urinary tract infections (including complicated); chronic bacterial prostatitis; acute sinusitis; infectious diarrhea; typhoid fever; complicated intraabdominal infections; nosocomial pneumonia; exposure to inhalation anthrax.
Common Adverse reactions and Side Effects from drugs in this classification: CNS: Headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, depression, restlessness, seizures, confusion. GI: Nausea, increased ALT, AST, flatulence, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, oral candidiasis, dysphagia, pseudomembranous colitis, dry mouth. HEMA: Bone marrow depression INTEG: Rash, pruritus, urticarial, photosensitivity, flushing, fever, chills, toxic epidermal necrolysis. MISC:
Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, visual impairment, QT.prolongations. MS: Tremor, arthralgia, tendon rupture Nursing Implications: Assessments required before administration (include nursing assessment, labs, etc. ) Assess pt for previous sensitivity reaction. Assess pt for signs and symptoms of infection including characteristics of wounds sputum, urine, stool, WBC >10,000/mm3, fever; obtain baseline information before, during treatment. Obtain C&S before beginning product therapy to identify if correct treatment has been initiated.
Assess for anaphylaxis: rash, urticarial, dyspnea, pruritus, chills, fever, joint pain; may occur a few days after therapy begins; epinephrine and resuscitation equipment should be available for anaphylactic reaction. Identify urine output; if decreasing, notify prescriber (may indicate nephrotoxicity); also check for increased BUN, creatinine. Monitor blood studies: AST. ALT. CBC. Hct, bilirubin, LDH, alkaline phosphatase, Coombs’ test monthly if pt is on long-term therapy. Monitor electrolytes: potassium, sodium, chloride monthly if pt is on long-term therapy.
Assess for CNS symptoms: headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, depression. Monitor for bleeding: ecchymosis, bleeding gums, hematuria, stool guaiac daily if on long-term therapy. Assess for overgrowth of infection: perineal itching, feer, malaise, redness, pain, swelling, drainage, rash, diarrhea, change in cough, sputum Any other considerations: Pregnancy C, breastfeeding, children, geriatric, renal disease, epilepsy, QT prolongation, hypokalemia What data indicates the medications are effective or ineffective? Absence of signs/symptoms of infection.