This paper is about prostate cancer and how it affects must of the African American. It is also to know more about prostate cancer and how it can be treat, and also what are the consequences and affection of this sickness. First what is prostate cancer? Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men (after skin cancer), but it can often be treated successfully. More than 2 million men in the US count themselves as prostate cancer survivors. Prostate cancer is very rare in men younger than 40, but the chance of having prostate cancer rises rapidly after age 50.
About 6 in 10 cases of prostate cancer are found in men over the age of 65. Prostate cancer occurs more often in African- American men and Caribbean men of African ancestry than in men of other races. African-American men are also more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage, and are more than twice as likely to die of prostate cancer as white men. Prostate cancer occurs less often in Asian-American and Hispanic/Latino men than in non-Hispanic whites. The reasons for these racial and ethnic differences are not clear.
This paper with start with the introduction about prostate cancer and how it can be treat it and what are the causes and symptoms. Introduction The prostate is a gland found only in males. It is located in front of the rectum and below the urinary bladder. The size of the prostate varies with age. In younger men, it is about the size of a walnut, but it can be much larger in older men. The prostate’s job is to make some of the fluid that protects and nourishes sperm cells in semen, making the semen more liquid. Just behind the prostate are glands called seminal vesicles that make most of the fluid for semen.
The urethra, which is the tube that carries urine and semen out of the body through the penis, goes through the center of the prostate. Several types of cells are found in the prostate, but almost all prostate cancers develop from the gland cells. Gland cells make the prostate fluid that is added to the semen. The medical term for a cancer that starts in gland cells is adenocarcinoma. Other types of cancer can also start in the prostate gland, including sarcomas, small cell carcinomas, and transitional cell carcinomas.
But these types of prostate cancer are so rare that if you have prostate cancer it is almost certain to be an adenocarcinoma. Some prostate cancers can grow and spread quickly, but most grow slowly. In fact, autopsy studies show that many older men (and even some younger men) who died of other diseases also had prostate cancer that never affected them during their lives. In many cases neither they nor their doctors even knew they had it. Most prostate cancers are first found during screening with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and or a digital rectal exam (DRE).
Early prostate cancers usually do not cause symptoms, but more advanced cancers are sometimes first found because of symptoms they cause. Whether cancer is suspected based on screening tests or symptoms, the actual diagnosis can only be made with a prostate biopsy. If your doctor suspects you might have prostate cancer, he or she will ask you about any symptoms you are having, such as any urinary or sexual problems, and how long you have had them. Your doctor may also ask about bone pain, which could be a sign that the cancer might have spread to your bones.
Early prostate cancer usually causes no symptoms. Advanced prostate cancers can cause some symptoms, such as: Problems passing urine, including a slow or weak urinary stream or the need to urinate more often, especially at night. Blood in the urine (hematuria) Trouble getting an erection (impotence) 1 / 2 Pain in the hips, back (spine), chest (ribs), or other areas from cancer spread to bones Weakness or numbness in the legs or feet, or even loss of bladder or bowel control from cancer pressing on the spinal cord. A risk factor is anything that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Different cancers have different risk factors.
Some risk factors, like smoking, can be changed. Others, like a person’s age or family history, can’t be changed. But risk factors don’t tell us everything. Many people with one or more risk factors never get cancer, while others who get cancer may have had few or no known risk factors. In conclusion Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed in men and only lung cancer kills more men. It has a very long preclinical phase when it can be detected by screening. There is also randomized trial evidence that early treatment with prostatectomy is better than watchful waiting for men under the age of 65 years.
Thus prostate cancer has all of the characteristics for a disease that may benefit from screening to find and treat early stage disease. Web cited American cancer society: http://www. cancer. org/cancer/prostatecancer/detailedguide/prostate- cancer-diagnosisWeb MD: http://www. webmd. com/prostate-cancer/National cancer institute: http://www. cancer. gov/cancertopics/types/prostateMayo clinic: http://www. mayoclinic. org/diseases- conditions/prostate-cancer/basics/definition/con-20029597 POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).