The signs and symptoms of giardiasis usually occur within 7 to 14 days of exposure to the parasite, although symptoms may appear as early as 3 days or as late as 25 days. They frequently include diarrhea, pale greasy stools, stomach cramps, gas, nausea, vomiting, bloating, weight loss, and weakness. Some people may experience explosive, foul smelling diarrhea. Fever, rash, and joint pain are less common. The symptoms usually last for 1 to 2 weeks, but may last as long as 6 weeks. Treating and Preventing Giardiasis In some cases, giardiasis goes away on its own in about one month.
Other people need antibiotics (e. g. , metronidazole*, paromomycin) to shorten the duration of the infection and to kill the parasite. There are several effective ways to avoid getting or spreading this infection. Keep these tips in mind: ?Do not drink or brush your teeth and wash food or dishes with untreated water from streams, rivers, or lakes, even if they look sparkling clean. Make sure you boil water from these sources for 1 to 2 minutes (or 3 minutes if you are at a high altitude) before use. ?
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after eating, preparing food, changing diapers, and using the toilet. ?Do not send a child who is infected and cannot control his or her bowel movements to daycare or school. ?Avoid swallowing water when swimming in public pools or lakes. Chlorine commonly used in swimming pools will not kill the cysts. ?Try to eat well-cooked hot foods and always peel raw vegetables and fruit. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a small organism called Trichomonas vaginalis CAUSE: Trichomonas is passed from an infected person to his or her partner during sexual intercourse without a condom. Trichomoniasis Treated?
Usually an oral antibiotic called metronidazole (Flagyl) is given to treat trichomoniasis. Before taking this drug, it is very important to let your doctor know if there is any chance that you could be pregnant, because the drug could harm the baby. Prevent Trichomoniasis Infection? To reduce your risk of trichomoniasis infection: ?Use condoms correctly every time you have sex. ?Limit the number of sex partners, and do not go back and forth between partners. ?Practice sexual abstinence, or limit sexual contact to one uninfected partner. ?If you think you are infected, avoid sexual contact and see a doctor. Symptoms.
In women, Trichomonas organisms can live in the vagina for many years without causing symptoms. If symptoms occur, they can include: ?A yellow-green, foul-smelling vaginal discharge ?Vaginal pain or itching ?Irritation and inflammation around the vaginal opening ?Vaginal pain during sexual intercourse ?Burning discomfort during urination ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Entamoeba histolytica?? Causes Entamoeba histolytica?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????? Symptoms ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????! “?????? ????????????? #?????????????????????? ????????????? $ ????????????????? ?%??????? o&?????????? ‘??? “?????????????????????????? o&????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?(?????? ?)#??????????? ?*??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?+???????????????????????? Treatment ,??????????????????????????????????????????????? +????????????????? -??????????????????????????. /??????? ,?????????????????????????????????????? #?????? Prevention 0???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
#?????????? 1????? 2??????????????????????? ???????????????? 1???????????????????????????????? Meningitis means “inflammation of the meninges. ” Themeninges (plural of meninx) are membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Causes of Meningitis The most common causes of meningitis are bacteria or viruses, although there are many other causes. Symptoms and Complications of Meningitis People with bacterial meningitis quickly become very sick, usually within hours, and shouldn’t wait to get medical treatment.
For people with non-bacterial meningitis (e. g. , viral, chemical), the symptoms usually follow flu-like symptoms and include fever and headaches Treating and Preventing The infection that causes bacterial meningitis is treated with a combination of antibiotics. The antibiotics you receive will depend on the bacteria that are suspected, your age, and other factors.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a type of single cell microorganism) of thePlasmodium type. [ CAUSE: Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium. Symptoms of malaria may include: ?fever, which may come and go, or may be constant ?chills ?profuse sweating ?malaise (feeling of unwellness) ?muscle and joint pain ?headache ?confusion ?nausea ?loss of appetite ?diarrhoea ?abdominal pain ?cough ?anemia.
Treatment Specific antimalarial treatment is available and must always be started as soon as malaria is diagnosed. Prevention ?Exclusion from childcare, preschool, school or work is not necessary but cases should avoid being bitten by mosquitoes while they are unwell. Travellers to areas with malaria are usually advised to take preventative anti-malarial drugs. ?There is no vaccine to prevent human infection by this parasite. ?Personal protection and the environmental management of mosquitoes are important in preventing illness.