| FIRST YEAR SEMESTER – I | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-310 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-1 |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-311 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-1 Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-312 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-I (Inorganic Pharm. Chemistry) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-313 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-I (Inorganic Pharm. Chemistry) Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-314 |Pharmaceutics –I (General Pharmacy) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-315 |Pharmaceutics –I (General Pharmacy).
Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |COMP-401 |Basic Electronics & Computer Applications |3 |0 |0 |3 | |COMP-402 |Basic Electronics & Computer Applications Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | | MAS- |Remedial Mathematics |4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-316 |Remedial Biology |3 |0 |4 |5 | |PHA-317 |English for Professionals | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total Credits |24/25 |
|FIRST YEAR SEMESTER – II | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-320 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-II (Physical Chemistry) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-321 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-II Practical (Physical Chemistry) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-322 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-III (Organic Chemistry –I) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-323 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-III Practical (Organic Chemistry –I) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-324 |Pharmaceutics-II (Unit Operation – I ) |3 |0 |0 |3.
| |PHA-325 |Human Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education –I |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA 326 |Human Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education – I Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | | MAS- |Advanced Mathematics |4 |0 |0 |4 | |Total Credits |22 | CURRICULUM FOR SECOND YEAR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY.
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|SECOND YEAR SEMESTER – III | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-430 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-II |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-431 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-II Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-432 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IV (Organic Chemistry – II) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-433 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IV Practical (Organic Chemistry – II) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-434 |Pharmaceutics-III (Unit Operation – II) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-435 |Pharmaceutics-III (Unit Operation – II) Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-436 |Pharmacognosy-I |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-437 |Pharmacognosy-I Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-438.
|Human Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology of Common Diseases-II |4 |0 |0 |4 | |SES-415 |Environmental Sciences -I |2 |0 |0 |2 | |Total Credits |26 |.
|SECOND YEAR SEMESTER – IV | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-440 |Pharmaceutics-IV (Physical Pharmacy) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-441 |Pharmaceutics-IV Practical (Physical Pharmacy) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-442 |Pharmaceutical Microbiology |4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-443 |Pharmaceutical Microbiology Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-444 |.
Pharmacognosy-II |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-445 |Pharmacognosy-II Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-446 |Human Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology of Common Diseases-III |4 |0 |0 |4 | | SES-416 |Environmental Sciences-II |2 |0 |0 |2 | |Total Credits |22 | CURRICULUM FOR THIRD YEAR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY.
|THIRD YEAR SEMESTER – V | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-550 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-V (Biochemistry) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-551 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-V (Biochemistry) Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-552 |Pharmaceutics-V (Pharmaceutical Technology – I) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-553 |Pharmaceutics-V Practical (Pharmaceutical Technology – I) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-554 |Pharmaceutics-VI (Hospital Pharmacy) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-555 |Pharmacognosy-III |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-556 |Pharmacognosy-III Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-557 |Pharmacology-I |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-558 |Pharmacology-I Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |Total Credits |23 |.
|THIRD YEAR SEMESTER – VI | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-560 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VI (Medicinal Chemistry –I) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-561 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VI Practical (Medicinal Chemistry–I) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-562 |Pharmaceutics-VII (Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-563 |Pharmaceutics-VII Practical (Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-564 |Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence & Ethics.
|4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-565 |Pharmacognosy-IV |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-566 |Pharmacognosy-IV Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-567 |Pharmacology-II |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-568 |Pharmacology-II Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | | | | | | | | |Total Credits |24 | CURRICULUM FOR FOURTH YEAR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY |FOURTH YEAR SEMESTER – VII | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-570 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VII (Medicinal Chemistry II) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-571 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VII Practical (Medicinal Chemistry II) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-572 |Pharmaceutics-VIII (Pharmaceutical Technology –II) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-573.
|Pharmaceutics-VIII Practical (Pharmaceutical Technology–II) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-574 |Pharmaceutical Bio-Technology |4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-575 |Pharmaceutical Industrial Management |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-576 |Pharmacognosy-V (Chemistry of Natural Products) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-577 |Pharmacognosy-V Practical (Chemistry of Natural Products) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-578 |Pharmacology-III |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-579 |Pharmacology-III Practical |0 |0 |4 |2 | |Total Credits |27 |.
|FOURTH YEAR SEMESTER – VIII | |Course code |Course Title |L |T |P |Credits | |PHA-580 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-III |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-581 |Pharmaceutical Analysis-III Practical |0 |0 |6 |3 | |PHA-582 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VIII (Medicinal Chemistry III) |3 |0 |0 |3 | |PHA-583 |Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VIII Practical (Medicinal Chemistry III) |0 |0 |4 |2 | |PHA-584 |Pharmaceutics-IX (Dosage Form Design) |4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-585 |Pharmacology IV (Clinical Pharmacy & Drug Interactions) |4 |0 |0 |4 | |PHA-590 |Project Related to Elective TOPICS |0 |0 |4 |2 | | | | | | | | |Total Credits |21 |.
SEMESTER –I PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – I THEORY Course Code: PHA- 310 Credits- 3 1. Significance of quantitative analysis in quality control, Different techniques of analysis, Preliminaries and definitions, Significant figures, Rules for retaining significant digits, Types of errors, Mean deviation, Standard deviation, Statistical treatment of small data sets, Selection of sample, Precision and accuracy, Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, methods of expressing concentration, primary and secondary standards.
2. Acid Base Titrations : Acid base concepts, Role of solvent, Relative strengths of acids and bases, Ionization, Law of mass action, Common ion effect, Ionic product of water, pH, Hydrolysis of salts, Henderson- Hesselbach equation, Buffer solutions, Neutralization curves, Acid- base indicators, Theory of indicators, Choice of indicators, mixed indicators, Polyprotic system, Polyamine and amino acid systems, Amino acid titration, applications in assay H3PO4, NaOH, CaCO3 etc. 3.
Oxidation Reduction Titrations : Concepts of oxidation and reduction, Redox reactions, strengths and equivalent weights of oxidizing and reducing agents, Theory of redox titrations, Redox indicators, Cell representations, Measurement of electrode potential, Oxidation –reduction curves, Iodimetry and Iodometry, Titrations involving ceric sulphate, potassium iodate, potassium bromate, potassium permanganate, titanous chloride and Sodium 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenol. 4. Precipitation Titrations : Precipitation reactions, Solubility products, Effect of acids, temperature and solvent upon the solubility of a precipitate.
Argentometric titrations and titrations involving ammonium or potassium thiocyanate, mercuric nitrate and barium sulphate, Indicators, Gay-lussac method; Mohrs method, Volhard’s method and Fajan’s method. 5. Gravimetric Analysis : Precipitation techniques, Solubility products; The colloidal state, Supersaturation co-precipitration, Post- precipitation, Digestional washing of the precipitate, Filtration, Filter papers and crucibles, Ignition, Thermogravimetric curves, specific examples like barium sulphate, aluminium as aluminium oxide, calcium as calcium oxalate and magnesium as magnesium pyrophosphate, Organic precipitants.
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – I PRACTICAL Course Code: PHA 311 Credits: 2 The students should be introduced to the main analytical tools through demonstrations. They should have a clear understanding of a typical analytical balance, the requirements of a good balance, weights, care and use of balance, methods of weighing and errors in weighing. The students should also be acquainted with the general apparatus required in various analytical procedures. 1. Standardization of analytical weights and calibration of volumetric apparatus.
2. Acid Base Titrations : Preparation and standardization of acids and bases; some exercises related with determination acids and bases separately or in mixture form, some official assay procedures e. g. boric acid should also be covered.. 3. Oxidation Reduction Titrations : Precipitation and standardization of some redox titrants e. g. potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, iodine, sodium thiosulphate, etc.. Some exercises related to determination of oxidizing and reducing agents in the sample should be covered.
Exercises involving potassium iodate, potassium bromate, iodine solution, titanous chloride, sodium 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol and ceric ammonium sulphate. 4. Precipitation titrations : Preparation and standardization of titrants like silver nitrate and ammonium thiocyanate, Titrations according to Mohr’s, Volhard’s and Fajan’s methods. 5. Gravimetric Analysis: Preparation of gooch crucible for filtration and use of sintered glass crucible; Determination of water of hydration, Some exercises related to gravimetric analysis should be covered. PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – I (INORGANIC PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY).
THEORY Course Code: PHA 312Credits – 3 An outline of methods of preparation, uses, sources of impurities, tests for purity and identity, including limit tests for iron, arsenic, lead , heavy metals, chloride, sulphur and special tests if any, of the following classes of inorganic pharmaceuticals included in Indian Pharmacopoeia. 1. Acids and Bases: Buffers, Water. 2. Gastrointestinal Agents: Acidifying agents, Antacids, Protectives and Adsorbents, Cathartics. 3. Major intra- and Extra-cellular Electrolytes: Physiological ions, Electrolytes used for replacement therapy, acid-base balance and combination therapy.
4. Essential and Trace Elements: Transition elements and their compounds of pharmaceutical importance: Iron and haematinics, mineral supplements. 5. Cationic and anionic components of inorganic drugs useful for systemic effects. 6. Topical Agents: Protectives, Astringents and Anti-infectives. 7. Gases and Vapours : Oxygen, Anesthetics and Respiratory stimulants. 8. Dental Products : Dentifrices, Anti-caries agents. 9. Complexing and chelating agents used in therapy. 10. Miscellaneous Agents: structure chemical properties and uses of Sclerosing agents, expectorants, emetics, poisons and antidotes, sedatives etc.
11. Pharmaceutical Aids used in Pharmaceutical industry. Anti-oxidants, preservatives, filter aids, adsorbents, diluents, excipients, suspending agents, colorants etc. 12. Inorganic Radio Pharmaceuticals: Nuclear radio pharmaceuticals, Reactions, Nomenclature, Methods of obtaining their standards and units of activity, measurement of activity, clinical applications and dosage, hazards and precautions. Sources of impurities & their control, limit test for iron, arsenic, lead, heavy metals, chloride & sulphate PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – I (INORGANIC PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY) PRACTICAL.
Course Code: PHA – 313 Credits – 2 1. To perform limit test of chloride, sulphate, Iron, Heavy metal and arsenic in the given sample. 2. Salt analysis . 3. Preparation of chemical compounds elonging to the different classes. All identification tests for pharmacopoeial inorganic pharmaceuticals and qualitative tests for cations and anions should be covered. PHARMACEUTICS- I (General Pharmacy) THEORY Course Code: PHA-314Credits-3 1. History of Pharmacy : Origin & development of pharmacy, scope of pharmacy, introduction to pharmacopoeias with special reference to I. P, B. P. , U. S. P,. 2.
Pharmaceutical Additives : Coloring, flavouring & sweetening agents, cosolvents, preservatives, surfactants & their applications, antioxidants. 3. Pharmaceutical calculations : Posology, calculation of doses for infants, adults and elderly patients; Enlargig and reducing recipes,percentage solutions, allegation, alcohol dilution, proof spirit, isotonic solutions, displacement values, etc. Metrology ,latin terms & abbrevations. 4. Principles involved and procedures adopted in dispensing of : Monophasic liquid dosage forms Solutions taken orally, solutions applied externally,solutions instilled into body cavities.
Biphasic liquiod dosage forms Emulsions & suspensions Official solutions. Semisolid dosage forms ointments,pastes,creams Solid dosage forms. Powders. 5. Incompatibilities : Physical and chemical incompatibilities, inorganic incompatibilities including incompatibilities of metals and their salts, non-metals, acids, alkalis, organic incompatibilities, Purine bases, alkaloids, pyrazolone derivatives, amino acids, quaternary ammonium compounds, carbohydrates, glycosides, anesthetics, dyes, surface active agents, correction of incompatibilities. Therapeutic incompatibilities. PHARMACEUTICS – I
(General pharmacy) PRACTICAL Course Code: PHA-315Credits-2 1. Dispensing of prescriptions falling under the categories : Mixtures, solutions, emulsions, creams, ointments, powders, suppositories, opthalmics, capsules, pastes, jellies, pastiles, lozenges, pills, tablet triturates, lotions, liniments, inhalations, paints, etc. 2. Identification of various types of incompatibilities in prescription, correction of thereof and dispensing of such prescriptions. 3. Dispensing procedures involving pharmaceutical calculations, pricing of prescriptions and dosage calculations for pediatric and geriatric patients.
4. Dispensing of prescriptions involving adjustment of tonicity. Basic Electronics and Computer Applications THEORY Code: COMP 401Credits: 3(3+0+0) 1. Basic Electronics Semiconductors, p-n junction diode, LED, Photodiode and its uses, Half & Full wave rectifiers, Transistors configuration, Transistor amplifiers, introduction to integrated circuit, photo cell and photo multiplier tubes. 2. Computers. 2. 1 Introduction to Computers Need and Role, Definition, Characteristics and Applications, Hardware: Basic block diagram & components, System & Application Softwares, Data & its Representation.
2. 2 Operating System Introduction, Functions,Working with DOS and Windows. 2. 3 Computer Networks & Internet Introduction , Types, Internet: History, usage and applications , Intranet. 2. 4 Computer Languages Generations, Translators (Assembler, Interpreter and compiler), Programming Techniques, Algorithms & Flowcharts 2. 5 ‘C’ Language Expressions & Operators, Input/Output Statements, Control Statements, Array, Functions 2. 6 Introduction to MS Office MS-Word, MS-Excel and MS-Power point 2. 7 Computer applications in Pharmacy. Basic Electronics and Computer Applications.
PRACTICAL Code: COMP 402Credits: 2 Practicals: 1. Working with operating systems like MS-DOS, Windows 2. Study of Software packages like MS-Word, MS-Excel and MS-Power point 3. Packages related to Medical Applications 4. How to search data, workable knowledge of Internet 5. Cyber etiquettes 6. Simple programs in C language i. To find the largest among three numbers ii. To check whether the given number is palindrome or not. iii. To find whether the given number is the prime. iv. To find sum and average of n integer using linear array v.
To generate the Fibonacci series vi. To find factorial of a given number using function. REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS THEORY Course Code: MAS- Credits-4 1. Algebra : Equations reducible to quadratics, simultaneous equations (linear and quadratic), determinants, prperties of solution of simultaneous equations by Cramer’s rule, matrices, definition of special kinds of matrices, arithmetic operations on matrices, inverse of a matrix, solution of simultaneous equations by matrices, pharmaceutical applications of determinants and matrices.
Evaluation of En1, En2, and En3, mensuration and its pharmaceutical applications.. 2. Trigonometry : Measurement of angle, T- ratios, addition, subtraction and transformation formulae, T- ratios of multiple, submultiple, allied and certain angles, Application of logarithms in pharmaceutical computations. 3. Analytical Plane Geometry : Certain co-ordinates, distance between two points, area of triangle, a locus of point, straight line slope and intercept form, double- intercept form, normal (perpendicular form), slope-point and two point form, general equation of first degree.
4. Calculus: A) Differential : Limits and functions, definition of differential coefficient, diffentiation of standard functions, including function of a function ( Chain rule). Differentiation of implicit functions, logarithmic differentiation, parametric differentiation, successive differentiation. B) Integral : Integration as inverse of differentiation, indefinite integrals of standard forms, integration by parts, substitution and partial fractions, formal evaluation of definite integrals. REMEDIAL BIOLOGY THEORY.
Course Code: PHA 316CREDITS- 5(3-0-2) 1. Methods of classification of plants. 2. Plant Cell : Its structure and non -living inclusions; mitosis and meiosis, different types of plant tissues and their functions. 3. Morphology and histology of root , stem , bark , wood , leaf, flower fruit and seed. Modification of root and stem. 4. General Survey of Animal Kingdom, Structure and life history of parasites as illustrated by amoeba, entamoeba, trypanosoma, plasmodium, taenia, ascaris, schistosoma, oxyuris, and ancyclostoma. 5.
General Structurre and life history of insects like mosquito, housefly, mites and silkworm. REMEDIAL BIOLOGY PRACTICAL 1. Morphology of plant parts indicated in theory. 2. Care, use and type of microscopes. 3. Gross identification of slides of structure and life cycle of lower plants, animals mentioned in theory. 4. Morphology plant parts indicated in theory. 5. Preparation, microscopic examination of stem, root and leaf of monocot and dicot plants. 6. Structures of human parasites and insects mentioned in theory with the help of specimens.
English for Health Professionals Course Code- PHA-317 Credit-(2-0-2) =3 Students of professional courses have tendency to neglect the language content. The paper ‘English for Health Professionals / English for Professionals’ is introduced with a view to develop the communication skills of the students in writing and spoken English. The emphasis will be fully on the practical aspects of language use, and not on the literature. The course content may also help the students to take up overseas examinations in English proficiency like the TOEFL, PLAB, and GAT.
SECTION-I 1. Etiquette- Telephone, table (different ways of enhancing “oneself”) 2. Parts of speech 3. Tense 4. Vocabulary -Synonyms -Antonyms -One word substitute -Homophones -Homonyms SECTION-II Composition 1. Orientation to different types of letter- Social, business (formal and informal) 2. Essay writing- Descriptive, narrative, and reflective 3. Precis or summary writing SECTION-III Practical/Spoken English Through the conversation and discussion try to focus on developing their ability to talk about objects and experiences around them. 1. JAM session 2.
Conversation 3. Group discussion 4. Role plays SEMESTER –II PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – II (PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY) THEORYCourse code: PHA-320 Credits-3 1. Behaviour of Gases: Kinetic theory of gases, deviation from behaviours and explanation. 2. The Liquid state: Physical Properties (surface tension, parachor, viscosity, refractive index, optical rotation, dipole moments and chemical constituents). 3. Solutions: Ideal and real solutions, solutions of gases in liquids, – colligative properties, partition coefficient, conductance and its measurement, Debye Huckel theory.
4. Thermodynamics: First, second and third laws, Zeroth law, absolute temperature scale, thermochemical equations. 5. Adsorption: Freudlich and Gibbs adsorption, isotherms, Langmuir theory of adsorption. 6. Electro chemistry : Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis, Electrolytic conductance & its measurement, molar & equivalent conductivity, its variation with dilution. Kohlrausch law,Arrhenius theory, degree of ionisation & Ostwald dilution law. Transport number & migration of ion, Hittorfs theoretical device, theory of strong elecrolytes (Debye Huckle theory).
] 7. Chemical Kinetics: Zero, first and second order reactions, complex reactions, theories of reaction kinetics, characteristics of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyasis, acid base and enzyme catalysis.
8. Phase equilibria : Phase, component, degree of freedom, phase rule (excluding derivation). Cooling curves & Phase diagrams for one & two component system involving eutectics, ongruent & incongruent melting point (examples-water, sulphur, KI-H2O, NaCI-H2O system). Distribution law & application to solvent extraction.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – II(PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY) PRACTICAL Course code: PHA-321 Credits-2 1. To determine refractive index of given liquids and find out the contribution of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in molar refraction of a compound.
2. To determine the specific rotation of sucrose at various concentrations and determine the intrinsic rotation. 3. To determine the cell constant, verify Ostwald dilution law and perform conductometric titration. 4. To determine rate constant of simple reaction. 5.
Determination of cell constant, verify Ostwald dilution law and perform conductometric Titrations. 6. Determination of surface tension. 7. Determination of partition co-efficient. Determination of viscosity. 8. pH determination by different methods. 9. Determination of solubility. PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY –III (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I) THEORYCourse code: PHA-322 Credits-3 The subject of organic chemistry will be treated in its modern perspective keeping for the sake of convenience, the usual classification of organic compounds: 1.
Structure and Properties : Atomic structure, Atomic orbitals, Molecular orbital theory, wave equation, Molecular orbitals, Bonding and antibonding orbitals, Covalent bond, Hybrid orbitals, intramolecular forces, Bond dissociation energy, Polarity of bonds, Polarity of molecules, structure and physical properties, intermolecular forces, Acids and bases. 2. Stereochemistry :
Isomerism and nomenclature and associated physicochemical properties, optical activity, stereoisomerism, specification of configuration, Reactions involving stereoisomers, chirality, chiral reagents conformations. 3.
Structure, Nomenclature, Preparation and Reactions of : Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes; Cycloalkanes, Dienes, Benzene, Polynuclear aromatic compounds, Arenes, Alkyl halides, Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides, Amines, Phenols, Aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids, Reactive intermediates- carbocations, carbanions, carbenes, nitrene and nitrenium ions. PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY –III (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I) PRACTICAL Course code:
PHA-323 Credits-2 1. The student should be introduced to the various laboratory techniques through demonstrations involving synthesis of selected organic compounds ( e.g. aspirin, p-bromoacetanilide, anthraquinone from anthracine, reduction of nitrobenzene etc. )
2. Identification of organic compounds and their derivatisation. 3. Introduction to the use of stereomodels. 4. Purification of solvents like Benzene, chloroform, acetone and Preparation of absolute alcohol. 5. Synthesis of compounds involving benzoylation, acetylation, bromination, reduction & oxidation. 6. Purification of solvents like Benzene, chloroform, acetone and preparation of absolut alcohol. PHARMACEUTICS – II (UNIT OPERATION- I) THEORY Course code: PHA-324Credits- 3 1.
Unit Operations : Introduction, basic laws. 2. Stoichiometry : Unit processes, material and energy balances, molecular units, mole fraction, tie substance, gas laws, mole volume, primary and secondary quantities, equilibrium state, rate processes, steady and unsteady states, dimensionless formulae, dimensionless groups, different types of graphic representation, mathematical problems. 3. Heat transfer : Source of heat, heat transfer, steam and electricity as heating media, determination of requirement of amount of steam/electrical energy, steam pressure, Boiler capacity, mathematical problems on heat transfer.
4. Fluid Flow : Types of flow, Reynold’s number, Viscosity, Concept of boundary layer, basic equations of fluid flow, valves, flowmeters, manometers and measurement of flow and pressure. 5. Material Handling Systems : a. Liquid handling – Different types of pumps. b. Gas handling – Various types of fans, blowers and compressors. c. Solid handling – Bins, Bunkers, Conveyors, Air transport. 6. Filtration and centrifugation: Theory of filtration, filter aids, filter media, industrial filters including filter press, rotary filter, edge filter, etc.
Factors affecting filtration, mathematical problems on filtration, optimum-cleaning cycle in batch filters, Principles of centrifugation, industrial centrifugal filters, and centrifugal sedimenters. 7. Crystallization: Characteristics of crystals like – purity, size, shape, geometry, habit, forms size and factors affecting them. Solubility curves and calculation of yields. Material and heat balances around Swenson Walker Crystallizer. Supersaturation theory and its limitations, Nucleation mechanisms, crystal growth. Study of various types of crystallizer, tanks, agitated batch, Swenson Walker, Single vacuum, circulating magma and crystal.
Crystallizer, caking of crystals and its prevention. Numerical problems on yields. 8. Material of Construction : General study of composition , corrosion, resistance, Properties and applications of materials of construction with special reference to stainless steel and glass. 9. Industrial Hazards and Safety Precautions : Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, fire and dust hazards. Industrial dermatitis, Accident records, Radiation hazards. etc. Human Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education –I THEORY Course Code: PHA- 325Credit – 3 Unit –I a.
Introduction to human body & organization of human body. b. Functional & structural characteristics of cell. c. Detailed structure of cell membrane & physiology of transport process. d. Structural & functional characteristics of tissues- epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve. Unit-II Skeletal system- Structure, composition & functions of skeleton. Classification of joints, types of movements of joints. Anatomy & physiology of skeletal & smooth muscle, neurotransmission, physiology of skeletal muscle contraction, energy metabolism, types of muscle contraction, muscle tone.
Unit-III Haemopoietic system: Composition & function of blood & its elements, erythopoesis, blood groups, blood coagulation. Unit-IV a) Concepts of health & disease: Disease causing agents & prevention of disease. b) Classification of food requirements: Balanced diet, Nutritional deficiency disorders, their treatment & prevention, specification for drinking water. Unit-V Sense Organs: Basic anatomy and physiology of the eye (vision), ear (hearing), taste buds, nose (smell), and skin (superficial receptors). Lymphatic System.
Composition, formation and circulation of lymphs, lymph node and spleen. HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY & HEALTH EDUCATION-I PRACTICAL Course Code: PHA-326 Credit – 2 1. Study of human skeleton. 2. Microscopic study of different tissues. 3. Estimation of haemoglobin in blood, Determination of bleeding time, clotting time, R. B. C, Count, Total leucocyte count, D. L. C. and E. S. R. 4. Recording of body temperature, pulse rate and blood pressure, basic understanding of Electrocardiogram – PQRST waves and their significance.
ADVANCED MATHEMEATICS Theory Course Code: MAS-408 Credit – 4 1. Differential Equations : Revision of integral calculus, definition and formation of differential equations, equations of first order and first degree, variable separable, homogeneous and linear differential equations reducible to such types, linear differential equations of the order greater than one with constant coefficients, complementary function and particular integral, simultaneous linear differential equations, pharmaceutical applications.
2. Laplace transforms : Definition, transforms of elementary functions, properties of linearity and shifting, inverse laplace transforms, transforms of derivatives, solution of ordinary and simultaneous differential equations. 3.
Biometrics: sample size, data organization, diagrammatic representation of data,bar ,pie, 2-D and 3-D diagrams, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, Standard Deviation and standard error of means, coefficient of variation, probability and events, Bayes’ theorem,probability distribution, elements of binomial and Poisson distribution, normal distribution curve and properties, kurtosis and skewness, correlation and regression analysis, method of least squares, statistical inference, Student’s and paired t-test, F-test and elements of ANOVA, applications of statistical concepts in Pharmaceutical Sciences.
SEMESTER –III PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – II THEORY Course code: PHA-430Credits- 3 Theoretical considerations and application in drug analysis and quality control of the following analytical techniques. 1. Non-aqueous titrations 2. Complexometric titrations 3.
Miscellaneous Methods of Analysis : Diazotisation titrations, Kjeldahl method of nitrogen estimation, Karl-Fischer titration, Oxygen flask combustion, gasometry. 4. Extraction procedures including separation of drugs from excipients 5. Chromatography: The following techniques will be discussed with relevant examples of Pharmacopoeial products.
TLC, HPLC, GLC, HPTLC, Paper Chromatography and Column Chromatography. 6. Potentiometry 7. Conductometry 8. Coulometry 9. Polarography 10. Amperometry PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – II PRACTICALS Course code: PHA-431Credits- 2 1. Nonaqueous Titrations : Preparation and standardization of perchloric acid and sodium/potassium/lithium methoxides solutions; Estimations of some pharmacopoeial products.
2. Complexometric Titrations: Preparations and standardization of EDTA solution, some exercises related to pharmacopoeial assays by complexometric titrations. 3.
Miscellaneous Determinations : Exercises involving diazotisation, Kjeldahl, Karl-Fischer, Oxygen flask combustion and gasometry methods. Determination of alcohol content in liquid galenicals, procedure (BPC) shall be covered. 4. Experiments involving separation of drugs from excipients.
5. Chromatographic analysis of some pharmacopoeial products. 6. Exercises based on acid base titration in aqueous and non-aqueous media, oxidation reduction titrations using potentiometric technique, Determination of acid-base disassociation constants and plotting of titration curves using pH meter. 7.
Exercises involving polarimetry. 8. Exercises involving conductometric and polarograpic techniques. PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – IV (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – II) THEORY Course code: PHA-432Credits- 3 Nucleophilic aromatic substitutions; ? ,? -unsaturated carbonyl compounds; conservation of orbital symmetry and rules. Electrocyclic, Cycloaddition and signatropic reactions.
Heterocyclic Compound – Nomenclature, Chemistry, preparation, properties and Pharmaceutical importance of pyrrole, furan, thiophene, pyridine, pyrimidine, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, benzimidazole, indole, phenothiazines.
Classification, structure, reactions, structure elucidation, identification of Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides – Glucose and fructose. Disaccharides – Sucrose, lactose and maltose. Polysaccharides – Starch. Classification, identification, general methods of preparation and reactions of amino acids and proteins.
Chemistry of lipids and Nucleic acids. PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – IV (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – II) PRACTICAL Course code: PHA-433 Credits- 2 At least five exercises in synthesis involving various heterocyclic ring systems, An exercise involving stereoselective synthesis of a compound.
Resolution of racemic DL- alanine or any other example. Workshop on molecular modelling of primary, secondary and tertiary structures of proteins, molecular modeling on double helical structure of nucleic acid showing hydrogen bonding. Identification of organic compounds with derivatization. PHARMACEUTICS –III (UNIT OPERATION- II) THEORY Course Code: PHA-434Credits-3 1. Evaporation : Basic concept of phase equilibria, factor affecting evaporation, evaporators, fil.