Often in older adults the first number (the upper or systolic number) is high while the second (the lower or diastolic) number is normal. This condition is called isolated systolic hypertension, and it also should be treated. Studies prove that lowering the systolic number cuts down on strokes and heart attacks in people age 60 and over (Data Manger, 2002). Some cases of HBP are caused by other illnesses. This kind of HBP is called secondary hypertension, and it is often cured once the original medical problem is cured. Most HBP, however, is essential or primary hypertension.
This kind cannot be cured but can be kept under control by regular, ongoing treatment (Eyre et al, 2004). In medical context, the term ‘incidence’ of Hypertension typically refers to the yearly diagnosis percentage of new cases of Hypertension. Prevalence is a different medical disease gauge that refers to the projected population of people who are managing Hypertension at any given time (e. g. prevalence includes people who have had a medical condition for a long time) (Han et al, 2002). The ultimate goal of any hypertension control program is reduction of excessive morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease.
Prevention
Any individual can take steps to prevent high blood pressure by adopting a healthy lifestyle. These steps include keeping up a healthy weight; pursuing a physically active life; stay on a healthy eating plan, which accentuates fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy foods; preferring and preparing foods with less salt and sodium; and, if the person takes alcoholic beverages, drinking in moderation. Hypertension can be regulated with treatment. It needs a lifetime of monitoring, and the treatment may require adjustments periodically. A sufferer should take steps to keep his/her blood pressure under control (Data manager, 2002).
The treatment goal is blood pressure below 140/90 and lower for people with other conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease. Embracing healthy lifestyle habits is a helpful first step in both averting and controlling high blood pressure. If lifestyle changes alone are not successful in keeping one’s pressure controlled, it may be needful to add blood pressure medications.
Reference: 1. Ames, Natalie v16 n4 p11-14 Aug-Sep 1985. Efficacy and safety of angiotensin II receptor blockers in elderly patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Okereke CE, Messerli FH. Am J Geriatr Cardiol 2001; 10:42-49.