The results tables included in the results include limitations, this being that they are not clear and easy to understand, this can confuse the reader and misconstrue true findings. The results appear consistent with previous findings and this is mentioned in the discussion as well as citing previous studies to validate this. The study has a strength of mentioning its own strengths and weaknesses which allow the reader to recognise complications and leave the study to remain valid (Marshall 2005). This article is valid in relation to the research question as it researches how rationing of nurses can portray negative effects on patients.
The study provides evidence into saying with less staff working on each shift there is high chance of patient falls and medication errors. This helps to conclude the research question with an appropriate and valid answer. Article 3- Teng, C 2010, Interactive effects of nurse-experienced time pressure and burnout on patient safety: cross-sectional survey, International Journal of Nursing Studies, May, pp. 1670-1679, online Science Direct This research article aims at investigating the interaction between patient safety and time pressure which can cause workload burnout.
The background of this study includes that of the global issue of nursing shortages and increase burnout in the nursing industry. This exacerbates time pressure among nurses and increases chance of error. This study was done using cross-sectional surveys amongst 458 nurses in 90 units of two medical centres in the northern area of Taiwan. The methods used in this study included that of measuring nursing burnout through the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale. The results suggest that time pressure was not necessarily impacting significantly on patient safety although nurse burnout had a great effect.
In conclusion to this study there was an identification of an interaction between time pressure and burnout in relation to patient safety. The main cause of decreasing patient safety was due to nurses having a high level of burnout and having decreased time and patients to provide the best quality of care (Teng 2010). This article has strengths in identifying a clear aim of the study. This makes it clear to the reader what is already known about the topic and what will be added. This research has discussed previous studies and has made sense as to why some research has failed in the past.
The author justifies this through saying although these studies established importance and then adds what else was needed to complete the study and which what the author has included in the current study (Marshall 2005). The author does not leave any curiosity in to why the research is being conducted at all. The author has created a logical flow from the introductory material to the conclusion. The research is unambiguously worded and clear. The information is easily transitioned from section to section (Marshall 2005). The participants of the study were clearly mentioned and as to what type of nurses and which nurses were excluded.
This has made the study reliable and based on fair practices. It mentioned a proportionate random sampling was taken from the 90 units involved which helps to eliminate bias. The size of the study fit the question and was appropriate (Crookes & Davies 2004). As the study was on the issue of workload the researcher made sure the questionnaire was collected and not made to hand in as they did not want to create more workload during the research, this is an example of the authors validity and reliability of the study (Crookes & Davies 2004).