The prone position is a position of the body lying face down. It is opposed to the supine position which is face up. Using terms defined in the anatomical position, the ventral side is down (which is towards the abdomen), and the dorsal side is up (which is towards the back or posterior of the body). Prone refers to that pattern for the forearm, where the palm of the hand is directly behind the head, or at the sides and the radius and ulna are crossed.
The main physiological aims of prone position are: to improve oxygenation; to improve respiratory mechanics; to homogenize the pleural pressure gradient, the alveolar inflation and the ventilation distribution; to increase lung volume and reduce the amount of atelectatic regions; to facilitate the drainage of secretions; and to reduce ventilator-associated lung injury.
SUPINE The supine position is a position of the body, lying down with the face up, as opposed to the prone position, which is face down, sometimes with the hands behind the head or neck. When used in surgical procedures, it allows access to the peritoneal (is a potential space between the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum, that is, the two membranes that separate the organs in the abdominal cavity from the abdominal wall), thoracic and pericardial regions; as well as the head, neck and extremities.
Using terms defined in the anatomical position, the dorsal side is down, and the ventral side is up. The uses of supine position are exercising. Lying down to exercise alleviates strain on your back, allows weak muscles to exercise that cannot exercise in any other position, and can relax tense muscles to facilitate range of motion activities.
BED POSITIONS AND USES SUPINE RECUMBENT Recumbent position means lying down in a backward position. Another term for recumbent is “decubitus”, the recumbent position is mainly practiced for medical examinations. There are different types of recumbent positions, they are: The lateral recumbent position – where the patient is made to lie on her side and is usually done to facilitate vaginal examination. The dorsal recumbent position – on the other hand is where the patient is lying on her back, while the lower limbs are bent and rotated outward. This position is used for obstetrical forceps application, vaginal examination and other medical procedures.
The semi recumbent position is when the patient is only lying down halfway, in a position that is more upright but with a back rest. right-4371 Semi recumbent position BED POSITIONS AND USES SIM’S The Sims’ position, named after the gynaecologist James Marion Sims, is usually used for rectal examination, treatments and enemas. It is performed by having a patient lie on their left side with the under arm behind the back, left hip and lower extremity straight, and right hip and knee bent. It is used to facilitate vaginal examination and also called lateral recumbent position. Sim’s position Knee – chest position (Genupectoral).
Knee-chest position is to assume the genupectoral position the person kneels so that the weight of the body is supported by the knees and chest, with the buttocks raised. The head is turned to one side and the arms are flexed so that the upper part of the body can be supported in part by the elbows. Used for rectal and vaginal examinations and as treatment to bring uterus into normal 1 / 4 position. Patient is on knees with chest resting on bed and elbows resting on bed or arms above head. Head is turned to one side. Thighs are straight and lower legs are flat on bed.
The patient is draped to allow visibility of the rectal area and coverage of the rest of the body. Knee- chest position (Genupectoral) BED POSITIONS AND USES ORTHOPNEIC It is a body position that enables a patient to breathe comfortably. Usually it is one in which the patient is sitting up in bed and prop up by several pillow sand bent forward with the arms supported on a table or chair arms. Also called orthopnea posture. The upright, or nearly upright, position of the upper trunk of a patient in a bed or chair. It facilitates breathing in those with congestive heart failure and some forms of pulmonary disease.
Orthopneic position LATERAL POSITION (LEFT/RIGHT) Is a body posture or attitude. With the relationship of a given point on the presenting part of the fetus to a designated point of the maternal pelvis. This position is commonly used in the recovery position that can be one of a series of variations on a lateral recumbent or three-quarters prone position of the body. This position is used in radiological (x-ray) positioning. A rule of thumb is that two x-rays at right angles should always be obtained, one supine or prone and one lateral. BED POSITIONS AND USES TRENDELENBURG POSITION.
The body is laid flat on the back (supine position) with the feet higher than the head by 15-30 degrees, This is a standard position used in abdominal and gynecological surgery. It allows better access to the pelvic organs as gravity pulls the intestines away from the pelvis. It was named after the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg. It is not recommended for the treatment of hypovolemic shock. This position is also used for people with hypotension (low blood pressure) have been placed in the Trendelenburg position in hopes of increasing their cerebral perfusion pressure (the blood pressure to the brain).
And may be used in childbirth when a woman’s cervix is too swollen and won’t quite dilate to 10 centimeters, or during the incidence of a prolapsed umbilical cord to take pressure off the cord and get more oxygen to the fetus, or it can be used to help rotate a posterior fetus either during pregnancy or the birth.
Trendelenburg position is helpful in surgical reduction of an abdominal hernia. The position is also used when placing a Central Venous Line. Trendelenburg position uses gravity to assist in the filling and distension of the upper central veins when placing a central line in the internal jugular or subclavian veins.
It is also used in the placement of an external jugular peripheral line for the same reason. It plays no role in the placement of a femoral central venous line. Trendelenburg Position BED POSITIONS AND USES REVERSE TRENDELENBURG POSITION The reverse Trendelenburg position is also called the anti-Trendelenburg. It is a common surgical position in which the lower extremities are leveled lower than the head and neck. It is the opposite of the Trendelenburg position, in which the head and the neck are below the lower extremities.
The reverse Trendelenburg position is used in numerous surgical procedures and presents multiple benefits, as well as some risks. This position is also used in removing a central line from a hospitalized patient. Reverse trendelenburg position decreases the amount of blood flow returning to the heart, thus decreasing the amount of blood in the internal jugular or subclavian vein and making the removal of the line less bloody.
Patients were given a standardized protocol anesthetic. 2 / 4 The tilt of the table maintained during surgery: patients were positioned with the neck extended and the table tilted with 20° reverse-Trendelenburg or with the neck extended and the table positioned at a horizontal tilt.
All episodes of postoperative nausea, vomiting, frequency of vomiting, and the use of antiemetics were reduced during the first 24 hours after anesthesia. The 20° reverse- Trendelenburg position effectively improves on postoperative nausea or vomiting in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. LITHOTOMY POSITION The lithotomy position is a medical term referring to a common position for surgical procedures and medical examinations involving the pelvis and lower abdomen, as well as a common position for childbirth.
The lithotomic position involves the positioning of an individual’s feet above or at the same level as the hips (often in stirrups), with the perineum positioned at the edge of an examination table. BED POSITIONS AND USES LITHOTOMY POSITION The position is named after the ancient surgical procedure for removing kidney stones, gall stones and bladder stones through the perineum. The position is perhaps most recognizable as the position for childbirth: the patient is laid on the back with knees bent, positioned above the hips, and spread apart through the use of stirrups. The position provides good visual and physical access to the perineal region.
The position is used for procedures ranging from simple pelvic exams to surgeries and procedures involving, but not limited to reproductive organs, urology, and gastrointestinal systems. Studies have found a significant relationship between prolonged surgical procedures where the patient is in the lithotomy position and a circulatory complication known as “compartment syndrome”, which is a condition in which increased tissue pressure within a limited tissue space compromises the circulation and function of the contents of the space. Nerve injury by pressure is also possible, the femoral or peroneal nerve are at risk.
Patients reported feeling a loss of control and increased sense of vulnerability when examined in the lithotomy position because they cannot see the area being examined. FOWLER Fowler’s position is a standard patient position. It is used to relax, tension of the abdominal muscles, allowing for improved breathing in immobile patients as it alleviates compression of the chest due to gravity, and to increase comfort during eating and other activities. It is also used in postpartum women to improve uterine drainage. The patient is placed in a semi-upright sitting position (45-60 degrees) and may have knees either bent or straight.
Such a position is maintained during procedures that involve either the nasal or oral passageways as it prevents aspiration during the introduction of feeding tubes BED POSITIONS AND USES FOWLER and also promotes a slight gravitational pull in peristalsis when swallowing. There are several types of Fowlers positions: low, semi-, high Fowler’s, and Standard Fowlers (also known as simply “Fowler’s”). High Fowler’s position is when the patient’s head is raised 80-90 degrees, whereas Semi-Fowler’s position is when the patient’s head is elevated 30-45 degrees.
Low Fowler’s position is when the head of bed is elevated 15-30 degrees, and finally Fowler’s which 45-60 degrees. It is named by George Ryerson Fowler. Fowler’s position SEMI FOWLER The Semi-Fowler’s position is the position of a patient who is lying in bed in a supine position with the head of the bed at approximately 30 degrees. Patients who are on tube feedings are typically 3 / 4 placed in the Semi-Fowler’s position. If the patient is laid flat, the tube feeding fluid can possibly run into the lungs. Elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees decreases the risk of the patient aspirating the tube feeding fluid.
Semi fowler Position REFERENCE By Natasha Gilani, eHow ContributorWhat Is Reverse Trendelenburg? | eHow. com http://www. ehow .com/about_6771355_reverse-trendelenburg_.
html#ixzz26lmQQL5rhttp://wiki. answers. com/Q/What _can_you_use_the_reverse_trendelenburg_position_for#ixzz26logRJiCThe Twenty-Degree Reverse-Trendelenburg Position Decreases the Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Thyroid Surgery Kiyo Tominaga, MD and Toshiyuki Nakahara, MD Accepted for publication August 2, 2006. This page was last modified on 7 June 2012 at 04:29. Text is available under the Creative.
Commons Attribution-Share Alike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. , a non-profit organization. Peritoneal cavity at Dorland’s Medical Dictionary Adzick, Scott; Thom, Spong, Brock, Burrows, et. al (17). “A Randomized Trial of Prenatal versus Postnatal Repair of Myelomeningocele”.
The New England Journal of Medicine 364 (11): 993-1004. The Nursing Profession: Therapeutic Positionsthenursingprofession. blogspot. com/2009/… /therapeutic-positions. html POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).