Seligman (1974, in Cardwell et al, 2000) expanded this notion that depression can be learnt when he investigated the effects of stressful, inescapable situations on animals. He discovered that a previous experience of an inescapable situation led the animal to …
The human condition can be defined as the interpretation of humans in the world, physically and psychologically influenced by the social and political environment. It describes the nature and behaviour of humans, and the habitual developments involved in a human …
Selye (1936/50) studied the behaviour of rats under stress through electric shock, and on hospital patients and realised that they all reacted to stress in the same patterns. He called this pattern the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). He stated that …
Outline and evaluate evolutionary explanations of two types of mental disorders: One type of mental disorder that has been explained in terms of evolution is depression. There are two types of depression, unipolar depression that is ‘normal’ depression and bipolar …
Stress is a term that we often hear in day to day life. For example, Soldiers returning from the war in Iraq are suffering Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Mothers of young children are seemingly always stressed out and it is …
I was being chased again, but this time the murky figure, yet to rear his ugly face, has a weapon. A sharpened blade. Every night he chases me, but somehow I have been out-running him for 15 years. I have …
‘Sources of modern day stress are frequently psychological therefore it makes sense that attempts to deal with their effects should be likewise psychological in nature’. To what extent have psychological approaches shown to be effective methods of stress management? (18) …
A fifteen year old girl named Lindsay walks into a bathroom and stares at herself in the mirror. She notices the razor blade and looks at herself again, seeing nothing more than a body without a soul. Her parents divorced …
When people are asleep there are not in a total loss of consciousness but a gradual reduction in awareness. Sleep occurs in stages and they are started of by the alpha stage this is where there is smooth electrical activity …
Outline and evaluate the explanation of two or more mental disorders from an evolutionary perspective (24 marks) The evolutionary explanation suggests that depression and anxiety are adaptive responses. This is due to our coping strategies back in the time of …
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