Injection B will cause production of a higher titer of antibody compared to injection A. This is because high amount of antibodies are generally generated following multiple immunizations rather than a single large dose (Swarbrick, 1997). The range within which an antigen is able to stimulate antibody production is known as immunogenicity window and any antigen dose that is within this window will produce high antibody titer as the antigen is increased. However, increase in antibody production due to corresponding increase in antigen is only up to a given point after which the production of antibodies is suppressed (Swarbrick, 1997).
In addition, when the antigen is withdrawn, stimulation of the immune system stops and so do production of antibodies (Swarbrick, 1997). This means that giving of one single antigen dose results in limited production of antibodies. However, with the injection of an antigen dose which is combined with an adjuvant, the ability of the antigen to elicit an immune response is greatly enhanced and this result in the production of a greater amount of antibodies. Adjuvants function in different ways that helps to ensure production of a high antibody titer.
In the case of injection B, the adjuvant used has a depot effect where the antigen injected at one body site is released over a long period of time. This ensures that the stimulation of the immune system is prolonged and this means that the total amount of antibodies produced are many compared to the amount produced by injection A where the exposure was single. Adjuvants also function as immunostimulators themselves where they also stimulate the immune system leading to increased antibody production (Swarbrick, 1997).
In addition, adjuvants precipitate antigens thereby enhancing their uptake by the macrophages for presentation to T-helper lymphocytes (Swarbrick, 1997). This enhances immune response which enhances antibody production.
References
Ochs, H. D. , Smith, C. I. , & Puck, J. M. (2007). Primary immunodeficiency diseases: A molecular and genetic approach. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Swarbrick, J. (1997). Unit processes in pharmacy: The operations to zeta potential. In Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology (V0l. 16, pp. 133-134). New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc.